The Enduring Legacy of St. Devasahayam

A Name Revered for Generations

The life of St. Devasahayam has profoundly shaped the collective memory and identity of the Kanyakumari district. For over 250 years, families have honored his memory by naming their children after him. This tradition continues to flourish, with many individuals bearing his name holding esteemed positions in society and religious life. Such a practice reflects not only reverence but also the lasting inspiration drawn from his martyrdom and unwavering faith.

Remarkably, this widespread adoption of the name "Devasahayam" began long before his official canonization, underscoring his extraordinary impact. The resonance of his name across generations stems from the suffering he endured—being publicly humiliated, tortured, and dragged across the landscapes of Travancore. These harrowing events, witnessed by many, evoked deep empathy, drawing people closer to his story and ensuring his remembrance.

The Power of Drama in Preserving His Story

Dramatic arts have played a pivotal role in keeping the legacy of St. Devasahayam alive. From 1753 to 1776, plays about his life were staged across Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka, becoming a staple in nearly every Catholic church community. Performers often prepared through fasting, reflecting the spiritual seriousness with which his story was approached. Over a hundred plays have been written, and many manuscripts are still preserved, offering rich insight into the devotion and creativity of the faithful.

Three Forms of Devotional Drama

Three primary dramatic forms have depicted the story of St. Devasahayam:

  • Pascha Drama: Introduced by the Portuguese in the 16th century, this sacred play was performed along the coastal regions of Kanyakumari since 1752. The tradition of makeup artistry associated with it continues today, particularly in Thiruchendur.

  • Savittu Drama: A martial-themed dramatic form, Savittu drama originated in Jaffna in the 18th century before making its way to Thoothukudi and Travancore. It blends performance with martial arts, capturing the struggle and resistance within his story.

  • Vasappu Drama: A lyrical blend of verse and song, this form uniquely conveys Devasahayam’s suffering and testimony. A valuable manuscript of the Vasappu drama is preserved at the Senbaganur Catholic College library in Kodaikanal.

Folk Arts and Oral Traditions

Within just 24 years of his death, a koothu (dramatic performance) emerged to narrate the life of Devasahayam. Between 1776 and 1850, his story was retold through various folk art forms such as Ammanai, Arelakummi, Villupaatt, and storytelling. These performances not only entertained but also catechized, inspiring faith and courage in ordinary believers, especially the marginalized.

Historical Testimonies and Sacred Texts

The depth of Devasahayam’s suffering is chronicled in several early writings. One of the most significant is the Olaichuvadi, written in 1752 by Thomman Diramuthu Puluvar while imprisoned. This palm-leaf manuscript provides a firsthand poetic account of Devasahayam’s trials. Portions of this deeply moving text are included in the appendix.

Additionally, a Latin report from 1756, composed shortly after his martyrdom, provides further ecclesiastical confirmation of the events of his life and death. This document is also reproduced in the appendix, highlighting how swiftly his sanctity was recognized by the Church.

Canonization and Recognition by the Church

The Church officially recognized his sanctity by canonizing him on May 15, 2022, proclaiming him St. Devasahayam, the first Indian layman and married convert to receive this honor. Significantly, the title “Pillai” was removed from his name following canonization, as it was historically tied to caste distinction. The Church’s decision reflects a deeper truth of his witness—his life testified not only to the Gospel but also to the equality and dignity of every human being, beyond caste and social status.

A Saint of the People

The enduring image of Devasahayam is not merely one of a martyr, but of a hero in the hearts of the people. He is remembered as one who embraced suffering with patience, held firm in faith, and stood as a bold witness to Christ amid persecution. His legacy, rooted in courage and compassion, continues to inspire and uplift, especially among the poor, the oppressed, and those yearning for justice.